Breast Augmentation Risks and Complications: What You Need to Know

Breast Augmentation

Breast augmentation is a popular cosmetic surgery that enhances the size and shape of the breasts, providing many women with increased confidence and satisfaction with their appearance. However, like any surgical procedure, breast augmentation carries risks and potential complications that must be considered. This article explores the common risks associated with breast augmentation, how to minimize them through proper surgeon selection and post-operative care, and the signs of complications that require immediate medical attention.

Common Risks Associated with Breast Augmentation

1. Capsular Contracture:
   • What It Is: Capsular contracture occurs when the scar tissue (capsule) that naturally forms around the breast implant tightens and hardens, causing the breast to feel firm, look distorted, and sometimes become painful.
   • Risk Factors: It can develop months or even years after surgery. Infection, hematoma (blood accumulation), and implant surface texture can increase the risk.
   • Treatment: Mild cases may be managed with medication, while severe cases often require surgical intervention to remove or replace the implant and surrounding scar tissue.
2. Implant Rupture or Leakage:
   • What It Is: An implant rupture is a tear or hole in the outer shell of the implant. In saline implants, this results in rapid deflation as the saline is absorbed by the body. Silicone implants may have a “silent rupture,” where the gel leaks slowly and may go unnoticed without imaging.
   • Risk Factors: Trauma, aging of the implant, manufacturing defects, or over-compression can cause ruptures.
   • Treatment: If a rupture occurs, surgical removal and replacement of the implant are necessary.
3. Infection:
   • What It Is: Infections can occur at the incision site or around the implant, usually within a few days to weeks after surgery.
   • Risk Factors: Poor surgical hygiene, compromised immune function, and smoking can increase the risk of infection.
   • Treatment: Mild infections may be treated with antibiotics, while severe cases may require surgical removal of the implant.
4. Hematoma and Seroma:
   • What It Is: A hematoma is a collection of blood outside of blood vessels, while a seroma is a buildup of fluid around the implant.
   • Risk Factors: Trauma during surgery, excessive physical activity post-surgery, and certain medications can increase the risk.
   • Treatment: Small hematomas or seromas may resolve on their own, but larger ones may require drainage or surgical intervention.
5. Changes in Nipple and Breast Sensation:
   • What It Is: Some patients experience temporary or permanent changes in nipple and breast sensation, including hypersensitivity, numbness, or loss of sensation.
   • Risk Factors: The incision site and implant placement can affect nerve sensitivity.
   • Treatment: Sensation changes often improve over time, but in some cases, they can be permanent.
6. Breast Implant Illness (BII):
   • What It Is: BII is a term used to describe a variety of symptoms, such as fatigue, joint pain, and cognitive difficulties, that some women associate with their breast implants.
   • Risk Factors: The exact cause is unknown, but it may be related to an immune response.
   • Treatment: Some patients choose to have their implants removed (explant surgery), which may alleviate symptoms.
7. Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL):
   • What It Is: BIA-ALCL is a rare type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that can develop in the scar tissue around textured breast implants.
   • Risk Factors: The use of textured implants is a significant risk factor.
   • Treatment: Treatment involves removing the implant and surrounding scar tissue, and in some cases, chemotherapy or radiation may be necessary.

How to Minimize Risks Through Proper Surgeon Selection and Post-Operative Care

1. Choose a Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon:

• Selecting a qualified, board-certified plastic surgeon is one of the most critical steps in minimizing risks. Board-certified surgeons have extensive training, experience, and adhere to high standards of patient safety and care. Verify the surgeon’s credentials and look for before-and-after photos of previous breast augmentation patients to assess their work.

2. Have a Thorough Consultation:

• During the consultation, a reputable surgeon will discuss your medical history, expectations, and potential risks associated with the procedure. They will also help you choose the right implant type, size, and placement technique that suits your body type and goals.

3. Follow Pre-Operative Instructions:

• Adhering to pre-operative guidelines, such as avoiding certain medications (e.g., aspirin, NSAIDs) that increase bleeding risk, refraining from smoking, and maintaining a healthy diet, can reduce complications during and after surgery.

4. Adhere to Post-Operative Care Instructions:

• Following the surgeon’s post-operative care instructions is crucial for minimizing risks. This includes wearing compression garments, managing pain with prescribed medications, avoiding heavy lifting and strenuous activities, and keeping incisions clean and dry.

5. Attend Follow-Up Appointments:

• Regular follow-up visits with your surgeon are essential for monitoring your recovery and identifying any early signs of complications. These appointments allow for prompt intervention if needed.

6. Monitor for Signs of Infection:

• Keep an eye on your incision sites for signs of infection, such as redness, increased pain, warmth, or discharge. Report any unusual symptoms to your surgeon immediately.

7. Understand Implant Longevity:

• Breast implants are not lifetime devices and may require replacement or removal in the future. Understanding this can help you manage your expectations and plan for potential future surgeries.

Signs of Complications and When to Seek Medical Attention

Knowing the signs of potential complications and seeking prompt medical attention can prevent minor issues from becoming serious problems. Here are some key signs to watch for:

1. Severe Pain or Swelling:

• While some pain and swelling are normal after breast augmentation, severe or worsening pain, especially on one side, could indicate a hematoma, infection, or implant rupture.

2. Unusual Redness or Warmth:

• Redness, warmth, or increased tenderness around the incision site may indicate an infection or inflammatory response.

3. Fever or Chills:

• A fever above 101°F (38.3°C) could be a sign of an infection that requires medical evaluation.

4. Unexplained Changes in Breast Shape or Size:

• Sudden changes in breast shape or size, such as deflation or asymmetry, could indicate an implant rupture or capsular contracture.

5. Persistent Numbness or Tingling:

• While temporary changes in sensation are common, persistent numbness, tingling, or hypersensitivity that doesn’t improve over time may need further evaluation.

6. Swelling or Fluid Accumulation:

• Persistent swelling or fluid accumulation that does not resolve could indicate a seroma or BIA-ALCL and should be examined by a surgeon.

Breast augmentation, while generally safe, comes with its set of risks and potential complications.

Being aware of these risks, choosing a qualified surgeon, and following all pre- and post-operative care instructions are crucial steps in minimizing complications and ensuring a successful outcome.

Patients should remain vigilant during their recovery, recognizing signs of complications and seeking medical attention promptly when necessary. By taking a proactive approach and making informed decisions, you can increase your chances of a safe, satisfying breast augmentation experience and enjoy the confidence that comes with achieving your desired aesthetic goals.

For More Information on the Treatments and Procedures offered, contact award-winning Board Certified Plastic Surgeon Dr. Thomas Fiala at Fiala Aesthetics in Greater Orlando to Schedule Your Consultation:

Voted the #1 Best Plastic Surgeon in Orlando, Florida by the readers of Orlando Magazine.

Serving patients in and around Greater Central Florida: Orlando, Altamonte, Lake Mary, Maitland, Winter Park, Clermont, Casselberry, Lake Mary, Longwood, Celebration, Heathrow, Windermere, Dr. Phillips, Sanford, Deltona, Deland, Daytona Beach, Melbourne, Cocoa Beach, New Smyrna Beach, Ocala, The Villages and more.